بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ
Complete guide to daily prayers, supplications, and special salah with meanings and translations
الصَّلَاةُ الْفَجْرِ
The prayer before sunrise
Fajr consists of 2 rakats (Sunnah) followed by 2 rakats (Fard). It is performed before the sun rises, marking the beginning of the day. The time begins when the white thread of light appears on the horizon and ends at sunrise.
الصَّلَاةُ الظُّهْرِ
The midday prayer
Dhuhr consists of 4 rakats (Sunnah), 4 rakats (Fard), 2 rakats (Sunnah), and 2 rakats (Nafl). It is performed after the sun passes its zenith and before Asr time begins.
الصَّلَاةُ الْعَصْرِ
The late afternoon prayer
Asr consists of 4 rakats (Sunnah) and 4 rakats (Fard). It is performed in the late afternoon before sunset. The time begins when the shadow of an object is equal to its length and ends at sunset.
الصَّلَاةُ الْمَغْرِبِ
The evening prayer
Maghrib consists of 3 rakats (Fard) followed by 2 rakats (Sunnah). It is performed immediately after sunset. The time begins when the sun disappears below the horizon and ends when the red twilight fades.
الصَّلَاةُ الْعِشَاءِ
The night prayer
Isha consists of 4 rakats (Sunnah), 4 rakats (Fard), 2 rakats (Sunnah), 3 rakats (Witr), and 2 rakats (Nafl). It is performed after the twilight has completely disappeared and lasts until Fajr time begins.
اللَّهُمَّ أَكْبَرَ
"Allah is the Greatest"
Recited at the beginning of prayer and between movements
سُبْحَانَكَ اللَّهُمَّ وَبِحَمْدِكَ تَبَارَكَ اسْمُكَ وَتَعَالَى جَدُّكَ وَلَا إِلَهَ غَيْرُكَ
"Glory be to You, O Allah, and all praises are due to You, and blessed is Your name, and exalted is Your majesty, and there is none worthy of worship besides You."
Recited after the first Takbeer
أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ
"I seek refuge in Allah from the accursed Satan"
Recited before reciting Surah Al-Fatiha
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ
"In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful"
Recited at the beginning of Surah Al-Fatiha and each rakat
التَّحِيَّاتُ لِلَّهِ وَالصَّلَوَاتُ وَالطَّيِّبَاتُ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ وَرَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَبَرَكَاتُهُ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْنَا وَعَلَى عِبَادِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِينَ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ
"All compliments, prayers and pure words are due to Allah. Peace be upon you, O Prophet, and the mercy of Allah and His blessings. Peace be upon us and upon the righteous servants of Allah. I bear witness that there is none worthy of worship except Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and messenger."
Recited in the sitting position of each 2 rakats
اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلَى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ كَمَا صَلَّيْتَ عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَعَلَى آلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ إِنَّكَ حَمِيدٌ مَجِيدٌ
"O Allah, send blessings upon Muhammad and upon the family of Muhammad, as You sent blessings upon Ibrahim and upon the family of Ibrahim. You are indeed Praiseworthy, Glorious."
Recited after Tashahhud in the final sitting
السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَرَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ
"Peace be upon you and Allah's mercy"
Recited to end the prayer, turning head to right then left
أَسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّهَ
"I seek forgiveness from Allah"
Recited 3 times after completing the prayer
Jumu'ah is a congregational prayer performed on Friday at Dhuhr time, replacing the regular Dhuhr prayer. It consists of 2 rakats (Sunnah), 2 rakats (Fard with khutbah), 4 rakats (Sunnah), 4 rakats (Sunnah), and 2 rakats (Nafl). Attending Jumu'ah is obligatory for adult male Muslims.
Janazah is the Islamic funeral prayer performed for the deceased. It consists of 4 takbeers without any ruku or sujud. The prayer includes reciting Surah Al-Fatiha, Durood, and dua for the deceased. It is performed standing, facing the qiblah, with the intention (niyyah) for the deceased.
Eid prayers are special congregational prayers performed on the two Islamic festivals. Each consists of 2 rakats with additional takbeers. The prayer is followed by a khutbah (sermon). It is recommended to eat before Eid al-Fitr prayer and not eat before Eid al-Adha prayer.
Taraweeh is a special prayer performed during the month of Ramadan after Isha prayer. It consists of 20 rakats performed in sets of 2. The prayer is performed in congregation and is highly recommended. The Quran is often recited in portions throughout the month.
Tahajjud is a voluntary night prayer performed after waking up from sleep, preferably in the last third of the night. It can be performed in sets of 2 rakats, with a minimum of 2 rakats and no maximum limit. It is one of the most virtuous voluntary prayers.
